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Why Decentralized Sequencing?
Every rollup relies on a sequencer to order and verify the transactions on the chain. Traditionally, these sequencers have been centralized entities, controlled by a single party or group of parties. The vast majority of rollups currently in production (including Arbitrum One, Optimism mainnet, Base, and zkSync, among others) currently utilize a centralized sequencer. These rollups are still able to inherit the security properties of their underlying chain via rollup proof systems, but their centralized sequencers still pose several problems:- Centralized sequencers create a single point of failure in the system. If the sequencer goes down, it can become impossible or prohibitively expensive to submit transactions for inclusion
- The centralized sequencer can arbitrarily censor or delay transactions, or reorder transactions to extract MEV
- Users do not have visibility into how transactions are ordered
How it Works
Check out Espresso’s documentation
for an in-depth explanation